Accounting features of crypto mining operations in new legal regulation

Abstract

The article addresses the relevant problem of organizing crypto mining accounting, given the fundamental changes in Russian legislation, which occurred in 2024–2025 upon the adoption of federal laws on mining legalization. The research aims to develop the methodological accounting base for digital currency production activities, using the specifics of blockchain technologies and novel legal requirements. The work includes the following methods: interdisciplinary analysis of Russian legislation, systematization of the provisions on digital assets in the federal accounting standards, as well as structural and logical consideration of accounting procedures. The paper states that mining, as a production activity, demands alternative approaches to assets classification. Thus, researchers can define cryptocurrency as trading stocks, intangible assets in longterm ownership, or final products of in-house production. The author identifies the practical accounting issues, which involve the technical complexity of integrating blockchain data into traditional accounting systems, asset price volatility, and differences in revenue recognition between tax and financial accounting. The study proposes solutions to the aforementioned problems that lie in designing the application programming interfaces (APIs) for accounting automation, introducing daily crypto assets revaluation, and accumulating specific reserves for technological risks. The results hold practical significance for mining companies in forming the accounting policies and for regulators in developing the industry accounting standards for digital assets.