Barriers to counteracting illegal entrepreneurship in the form of fi nancial pyramids
https://doi.org/10.35266/2949-3455-2026-2-1
Abstract
The article presents a brief description of the study results on combating illegal entrepreneurship based on a pyramid scheme. The aim of the study is to recognize the problems, identify barriers, and model measures to combat illegal entrepreneurship based on a pyramid scheme. The study identifies and describes the main barriers to combating the aforementioned entrepreneurship. Taking into account these barriers, a conceptual economic and mathematical model for combating the illegal activity of pyramid-based entrepreneurs is developed. The study addresses the unique circumstances of pyramid entrepreneurship's emergence and growth, alongside the management of resources employed in countering these organizations. The proposed model can be used by regulatory and law enforcement agencies in developing and implementing effective strategies to combat the illegal activity of pyramid-based entrepreneurs.
About the Author
D. V. Bunkovskiy
East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Irkutsk, Russia;
Baikal State University, Irkutsk, Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Doctor of Sciences (Economics), Docent;
References
1. Противодействие недобросовестным практикам участников рынка // Банк России : офиц. сайт. URL: https://cbr.ru/analytics/currency_control/ (дата обращения: 01.12.2025).
2. Родионов А. В., Кузнецов С. В. Методические основы оценки эффективности мероприятий, осуществляемых территориальными подразделениями Банка России, по противодействию недобросовестным практикам и нелегальной деятельности на финансовом рынке // Russian Journal of Management. 2021. Т. 8, № 4. С. 61–65. https://doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2020-8-4-61-65.
3. Сыбачин С. А. Идентификация видов нелегальной деятельности на финансовых рынках // Вестник Московского университета МВД России. 2024. № 6. С. 182–186. https://doi.org/10.24412/2073-0454-2024-6-182-186.
4. Harison E., Mihaly N. On financial bubbles and earthworms: Lessons from Hungary's Rural Pyramid during its economic transition // Eastern European Countryside. 2021. Vol. 27, no. 1. P. 65–88. https://doi.org/10.12775/eec.2021.003.
5. Xue B., Li T., Cheng X. et al. Spreading dynamics of SHIPR Pyramid scheme model on scale-free networks // IEEE Access. 2021. Vol. 9. P. 132064–132077. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3115168.
6. Antler Y. Multilevel marketing: Pyramid-shaped schemes or exploitative scams? // Theoretical Economics. 2023. Vol. 18, no. 2. P. 633–668. https://doi.org/10.3982/TE4890.
7. Boyle P., Peng Z. Ponzi schemes: A review // Annals of Actuarial Science. 2025. Vol. 19, no. 3. P. 543–572. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1748499525100067.
8. Cunderlik L. Fraudulent schemes in the financial market (Financial pyramids) – Detection and prevention // Financial Law Review. 2021. Vol. 21, no. 1. P. 16–30. https://doi.org/10.4467/22996834FLR.21.002.13285.
9. Shi Y., Li B., Long W. A pyramid scheme model based on "Consumption Rebate" frauds // Chinese Physics B. 2019. Vol. 28, no. 7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/28/7/078901.
10. Кукушкин Н. С. Модель финансовой пирамиды с «квазирациональными» участниками // Журнал вычислительной математики и математической физики. 2023. № 3. С. 380–389. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044466923030080.
11. Рахмеева И. И., Попкова С. В. Формы финансового мошенничества в современном мире // Цифровая социология. 2025. Т. 8, № 2. С. 55–64. https://doi.org/10.26425/2658-347X-025-8-2-55-64.
12. Hidajat T. Financial Literacy, Ponzi and Pyramid Scheme in Indonesia // Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen. 2018. Vol. 9, no. 2. P. 198–205. https://doi.org/10.15294/jdm.v9i2.16261.
13. Firda Nosita, Moeljadi, Sumiati et al. The role of personality and social networks on Ponzi investment decision: A review // Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management. 2025. Vol. 10, no. 53s. P. 402–411. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i53s.10887.
14. Zaytsev A., Dmitriev N., Mihel E. et al. Formation of investment behavior strategy using the Game-theoretic Method // TEM Journal. 2021. Vol. 10, no. 2. P. 673–681. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM102-23.
15. Гонтарь А. А. Цифровой банкинг как одна из составляющих экономической безопасности кредитной организации // Вестник Волжского университета им. В. Н. Татищева. 2017. Т. 1, № 4. С. 90–96.
16. Afzal N., Abid M., Fuzail M. et al. Ethereum hidden dangers: Ponzi Scheme detection in smart contracts using SourceP // Kashf Journal of Multidisciplinary Research. 2025. Vol. 2, no. 4. P. 81–94. https://doi.org/10.71146/kjmr390.
17. Артемьева Ю. Д., Хасбулатова И. М., Степанникова О. А. Цифровой рубль – новый вид денег или альтернатива криптовалюты? // Друкеровский вестник. 2024. № 6. P. 45–54. https://doi.org/10.17213/2312-6469-2024-6-45-54.
18. Dewi I. O., Wahyudi I. The evolution of Ponzi Schemes: From traditional frauds to digital money games // Journal of Auditing, Finance, and Forensic Accounting. 2025. Vol. 13, no. 1. P. 41–66. https://doi.org/10.21107/jaffa.v13i1.29535.
19. He X. Research on the operation mechanism and coping strategies of social networks in the Ponzi Scheme // Highlights in Business, Economics and Management. 2024. Vol. 35. P. 244–251. https://doi.org/10.54097/9g8wrj95.
20. Рыжкова М. В., Кашапова Э. Р. Сладж-инструменты противодействия финансовым пирамидам // Journal of New Economy. 2024. Т. 25, № 1. С. 50–68. https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2024-25-1-3.
21. Чуйкова Н. М. Принципы противодействия нелегальной деятельности на финансовом рынке // Вестник Московского университета МВД России. 2024. № 5. С. 249–253. https://doi.org/10.24412/2073-0454-2024-5-249-253.
22. Omokanye A. O., Ajayi A. M., Olowu O. et al. AI-powered financial crime prevention with cybersecurity, IT, and data science in modern banking // International Journal of Science and Research Archive. 2024. Vol. 13, no. 2. P. 570–579. https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.13.2.2143.
23. Zarzycka-Bienias R., Zarzycki M. The role of media in informing the public and public administration bodies about illegal financial pyramids // Social Communication. 2020. Vol. 1. P. 18–27. https://doi.org/10.2478/sc-2020-0003.
Review
For citations:
Bunkovskiy D.V. Barriers to counteracting illegal entrepreneurship in the form of fi nancial pyramids. Surgut State University Journal. 2026;14(2):8-17. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.35266/2949-3455-2026-2-1
Views:
51
JATS XML
Email this article 