The article presents the results of the author’s research on developing an adapting apparatus for personnel with applying practice from psychological studies. The apparatus aims at humanization of work-ing activity and prevention of bulling and mobbing of personnel at the work place. The authors conducted an analysis of possibilities and risks of applying results of psychological experiments (theory of Broken Windows, Stanford prison experiment, Milgram experiment) in personnel adaptation and improvement in organization. The article shows the possibilities of the author’s Telegram-channel, Psychological Self Help, that helps determine the personnel’s state. The channel allows authors to evaluate the occupational burnout, emotional intelli-gence, social intelligence, tendency towards destructive attitude, anxiety level, satisfaction with work condi-tions; determine the management style, level of professional motivation, manipulative tendency, type of per-sonality and interrelation between types of personality based on the business socionics.

The article analyzes civil servants’ motivational potential according to the factors affecting their motivation. The study aims to determine the managerial influence necessary to ensure the required quality of human resources based on their motivational characteristics. The study defines the quality of human resources as a degree of their compliance with the requirements formed in the internal environment of the organization. The methodology of the study includes V. I. Gerchikov’s typological concept, T. Ehlers’ diagnostic technique that reveals motivation for success, and S. Ritchie and P. Martin’s method, which allows determining the motivational profile. The peculiarity of the study is the application of these methods to the civil servants’ activity. The results of the study confirm the authors’ hypotheses. The influence of seniority on the structure of motivational types of employees was determined, and the interrelation between the position held by respondents in the civil service and the level of their motivation to work was revealed. The analysis of the factors affecting the motivation of civil servants made it possible to propose a differentiated approach to the implementation of managerial influences in terms of the dominant type of motivation.

The article discusses issues of implementing individual learning trajectories in professional education. A model of individually oriented education is described. The possibilities to apply the concept of lean production in educational system of higher education are analyzed, considering the main losses of a uni-versity when providing educational services. Reasons causing these losses and paths for restructuring of pro-duction process when transitioning towards the individually oriented education are analyzed. The possibility and necessity of implementing the model in educational process of Surgut State University are studied.

The relevance of the study is determined by the necessity of enhancing competitiveness of regional universities in terms of new trends in educational environment development, governmental and societal demands. The study primarily aims to evaluate the students’ satisfaction with educational services. The study is to detect preferences of students, who study at one of the regional universities, in educational process and educational environment, as well as applicants’ reasons for selecting a university. A multi-attributive model of service is proposed similarly to the Jean-Jacques Lambin’s multi-attributive model of product, which considers a product as a group of attributes (fundamental and supple-mentary functions, qualities, characteristics). The assessment of the quality of a service provided was determined using a survey of students, in which a service was evaluated using a set of attributes proposed by the focus group. The average score for each attribute and standard deviation of average scores were calculated according to Lambin’s method. The average score characterizes the level of respondents’ satisfaction with a certain attribute. The standard deviation characterizes the amount of dispersion of the respondents’ opinions. The results of the survey of 76 students of different educational programs and years of study of Pskov State University were used as a basis for consumers’ evaluation of quality of services. In the course of the study, factors with negative impact on the attractiveness of a university were revealed, which is of interest for further research. The study proposes recommendations for further monitoring of consumers’ opinions and for research on developing strategies of a university’s admission office.

The study aims to evaluate the indicators characterizing the number and structure of aca-demic teaching staff providing students with higher education programs in the regions of Russia. The initial empirical data included the results of official statistical reports of higher education organizations, as well as official statistical information on the number of able-bodied population in eighty-five regions of Russia in 2020. In the course of the study, four mathematical models that describe distribution of considered indicators by regions were developed. The results showed that in average there were about two lecturers per a thousand of working residents. It was proved that every three out of four lecturers had a Doctoral or Candidate of Sci-ences degree. In 2020, in average there were 20 students per lecturer. The regions with the maximum and minimum values of the indicators in question were identified. It is shown that higher education has improved significantly in Russia.

The federal structure of the state is based on the fiscal federalism. Despite the many views on the definition itself, the primary discussion is focused on budget centralization and decentralization. The article clarifies some interrelated terms, shows their controversial nature in regulatory legal acts, identi-fies the author’s view on certain terms. The term “expanded” consolidated budget is introduced. It includes budgets of extrabudgetary funds. When calculating with this term as a dominator, the level of budget cen-tralization is increased by 1‒3 % and that of budget decentralization is decreased. Approaches to assess the level of budget centralization and decentralization are proposed. They include assessment of (1) the degree of revenue powers assigned to the federal budget; (2) the amount of real disposable income by the federal government; (3) the level of “independence” of budgets, i.e. the ability to cover expenditure obligations at the expense of tax and non-tax revenues; (4) expenditure powers imple-mented through territorial budgets. The calculation shows that, in general, the level of centralization of the budget system of the Russian Federation is about 90 %, which is quite high. However, this value has been decreasing over 10 years. The calculations using the second approach show that the level of centralization is slightly lower – about 64 %. However, this approach does not lead to conclusions on the revenue powers assigned to different levels of the budget. The study identifies the following changes in values during the pandemic period: a decrease in the level of centralization of budgets by 3 % in 2020 resulting from a shortfall in oil and gas and other tax reve-nues; a decrease in the level of independence of territorial budgets by 14 % due to an increase in expenditure obligations. However, a different outcome develops when calculating the level of decentralization according to the approach (4), which provides both no dramatic changes, even in 2020, and smoothing due to the allo-cation of inter-budget transfers.

The article studies legal problems that may arise due to introduction of the genetic passport system for population and creation of its genetic profile based on the gene pool of the peoples of Russia. The system and life-time storage of the individual’s genome must be prepared when introducing genetic (genomic) passports for infants in order to ensure security, inter alia de-identification (anonymization) of the individual’s genetic data, including biological samples, throughout the whole period of its storage.
The article discusses the problem of preserving the gene pool of the indigenous peoples of the Russian Federation, and substantiates the positive application of genetic expertise based on the DNA technologies. It is emphasized that each representative of the indigenous minorities has the right to their own genome, and indige-nous ethnic groups have the right to their genetic profile and preservation of the gene pool of their population.
It is noted that the storage of genetic information obtained as a result of sequencing the entire ge-nome, genetic and phenotypic data of an individual, and the creation of genetic (genomic) passports should be carried out by the government and (or) under the government’s control in order to ensure national securi-ty. It is concluded that, although there are currently serious practical problems arising with the introduction of genetic passports, every citizen of Russia will have a genetic passport along with an electronic patient card in the near future. With the development of genetic technologies, the amount of genetic information for iden-tifying people can be expanded.

The article analyzes the legal aspects of regulation of the sustainable development of in-digenous minorities of the Russian Federation, the effectiveness of the public authorities’ activities in protecting the rights of indigenous minorities, the protection of their ancestral habitat and traditional way of life. Areas for improving legal approaches to develop their sustainable development during digital transformation are identified.

The article is devoted to the comprehensive analysis of the economic and political factors affecting the process of implementing axiological constitutional provisions in the content of state programs of the Russian Federation. Based on the results of the study, distinguishing features of the mutual influence and interaction of the economic and political spheres with the sphere of implementation of constitutional values in state programs are defined. The methodological basis of the study is a system of methods, namely, methods of analysis and synthesis, inductive and deductive methods, extrapolation method, structural and functional method, formal and legal method, and method of searching and analyzing scientific and regulatory material. Using methods aforementioned, the author conducted a research that reflects new areas of inquiry and solves relevant scientific problems.

Citizens’ rights to pro bono legal assistance were implemented at the law level by the adoption of the Federal Law No. 324-FZ “On Pro Bono Legal Assistance” by the State Duma in November 2011. Prior to that, the Constitutional Law of the country enshrined the citizens’ right to pro bono legal assistance but did not provide its full implementation via available means. At the same time, public law offices in a form of federal state institutes were established in some regions, which participated in the experiment on establishing a public system for pro bono legal assistance to lowincome citizens in 2005‒2010. In addition to that, the foregoing law has a number of factors decreasing the efficiency of equal access to justice for lowincome citizens and providing low involvement of subjects. The study analyzes current situation in the field of implementation of citizens’ rights to legal assistance, and considers pilot projects on pro bono legal assistance via e-services and digitalization of the field. A possible option for leveling existing gaps with legal services’ uniformity and financing expenditure commitments of the subjects under implementation of subsidiary legal assistance at the federal level was proposed.

The article continues the author’s research on criminal protection of rare and vulnerable species of fauna. Previous works dealt with general issues of criminalization of poaching in relation to specially protected wild animals and discussed issues of criminal liability for such offences as smuggling and illicit trafficking of bio resources. No systemization and differentiation of liability for such crimes at legislative level leads to disputes on theory and problems of its classification in practice. The author analyzes the issues of introducing in the criminal and legal system collateral estoppel regulations as applied to offences against rare and vulnerable species of fauna. As a result, new valid conclu-sions for improving criminal legislature and law enforcement practice were made.