Given the digital transformation of the banking system and the expanding availability of financial services, the problem of ensuring the security of banking operations becomes strategically important. The importance of the issue lies in studying the effectiveness of fraud prediction and prevention methods, which are key components of a complete economic security system in the banking sector.  Authors focus on the formation of bank card fraud detection models. The research proposes specific recommendations for improving anti-fraud systems in the banking sector using machine learning models. The researchers implemented and tested XGBoost and ANN models in Python to detect fraudulent transactions. The experiments substantiate their high performance and their flexibility and ability to adapt to new data. Using these models enabled banks for quick detection of suspicious operations, which reduces the risk of losses and improves the overall financial system security. Ensuring the secure functioning of the banking transaction system requires a comprehensive approach that includes not only the introduction of modern analytical tools but also continuous training and updating models to identify new methods of fraud. Implementation of the proposed measures will enable credit organizations to improve the effectiveness of fraud protection, reduce financial losses from fraudulent actions and strengthen client confidence.

The oilfield services industry remains crucial for the oil and gas sector as it is an integral part of the industry and includes such important segments as refining, recovery and operation. Given the difficult geopolitical situation and harsh sanctions policy, the primary emphasis is on the development of Russian oilfield services. However, despite the upward trend in oilfield services companies’ performance, the sector still contends with issues demanding prompt resolution. The paper is focused on the assessment of the oilfield services market current state in Russia and identification of key functioning problems, associated with high dependence of oilfield service companies on imported technologies, lack of financial resources and highly qualified personnel, search for optimal options for the oilfield services organization. Our practice review of these problem solutions allowed us to establish the state’s role and vertically integrated structures, specifying work directions for further solutions. Solving these problems with the assistance of the state, large companies, collaborations between public and private sectors, and financial institutions will help oil service companies work better and also achieve the goals set for the oil and gas industry.

The research subject in this paper is the marketing of customs services. Developing theoretical regulations and recommendations on the implementation of the marketing mechanism in the customs services sphere is the aim. The main objectives include the study of the theoretical basis of customs marketing, the determination of the marketing mechanism current functioning order in the customs sphere, the development of recommendations for improving the interaction between the state and business in foreign trade, the development of functional models on the research topic. This paper uses methods of analysis, modelling, synthesis, and generalization. Based on the conducted research, the theoretical foundations of customs marketing are analyzed. The purpose of the marketing mechanism in customs services is defined, and the “service” concept of the state is developed on the example of the customs service. The recommendations for improving the quality of customs services include the development of the customs services management system model, which will enable them to identify and solve problems promptly in the customs service.

The paper is focused on palliative care financing in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. The research reveals the problem of insufficient financial support of budgetary institutions, which impedes the quality and availability of palliative care to the population. The authors analyzed the existing financing  standards and assessed their sufficiency to meet the needs of the population in palliative care. To achieve this goal, the authors analyze normative acts, empirical data and implement comparative cost analysis. The authors conclude that current financing standards are significantly lower than the actual costs of palliative care. The results indicate that a significant number of people in need of palliative care remain untreated, indicating systemic problems in the financing of this service. The academic novelty of the work lies in a comprehensive analysis of the financing standards for palliative care in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, identifying deficiencies in the existing financing model. The authors provide detailed information on the cost structure of palliative care by comparing standards with the real cost of services. The authors confirm the insufficiency of current standards and offer specific recommendations for their revision, which can serve as a basis for further reforms in the field of health care financing. The practical significance of the research lies in the potential use of the data obtained to revise the current standards and improve the financing of palliative care. The results can be used by state authorities involved in the development and implementation of health care programmes, as well as for scientific research in the field of health care financing, contributing to the improvement of the quality and accessibility of palliative care for the population.

The paper analyses correlation between economic security and investment appeal, focusing on the importance of these indicators for the enterprise’s sustainable development. Economic security is a complex phenomenon, covering both the economy’s protection from threats and growth assurance. The study examines strategic goals of economic security in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030, including strengthening economic sovereignty, maintaining high competitiveness and improving the population quality of life. Economic security and investment appeal are interdependent phenomena that can be analyzed at both the micro and macro levels. The main internal and external factors influencing these indicators are identified. The enterprise controls internal factors and can adapt them to increase investment appeal, thereby strengthen ing its economic security. High investment appeal does not always ensure economic security strengthening, especially in joint stock companies due to competitors’ aggressive takeover probability. The need for careful monitoring and risk management, as well as the formation of an effective investment policy to ensure stable investment activities aimed at industrial and innovation potential of an enterprise, is identified.

The paper examines the theoretical and practical aspects of the global energy transition from hydrocarbon dependence to renewable energy sources, with an emphasis on institutional and economic barriers. The focus is on institutional factors: the role of the carbon tax (including the EU CBAM and the pilot experiment on Sakhalin in the Russian Federation) in correcting market failures (CO2 externalities), the need for government funding in research and development on renewable energy sources (public goods theory, externalities theory by A. Pigou, endogenous growth of P. Romer). The authors investigate patent activity in the Russian Federation, revealing an imbalance. Specifically, there are 129 and 90 patents for electric cars and biofuels, while renewable energy sources have only 17, solar power plants have 15, wind farms have 9, and small hydroelectric power plants have 9. The analysis also indicate a degree of technological underdevelopment. A comparative analysis of  CAPEX/OPEX for electric cars (Honda Kona, Lada Largus) and vehicles with internal combustion engines confirms long-term savings in operating costs (2.75 million rubles over 25 years for Honda; 470 thousand rubles for Lada). There are also infrastructure problems for Lada, including the uneven distribution of 25 to 30 thousand electric cars and 2.5–3 thousand charging stations in the Russian Federation).

In modern marketing conditions to achieve the required competitiveness level, fitness organizations are to focus on active implementation of marketing as an activity management concept, directed at the varie ty of product portfolio and price policy. Thus, it will provide stable functioning and development, achieving full satisfaction of the needs and interests in all target audience groups. The aim of the conducted marketing research is to compile the necessary information and analytical base to ensure that fitness organizations make reasonable marketing decisions to expand the customer base and attract new consumer segments. The following methods are used in the course of the study: target audience analysis, building a competitive polygon, ABC analysis of the fitness services market, and a survey of fitness organizations heads and fitness instructors. A study of the Omsk fitness services market was conducted, its key features and trends were identified, the number and types of fitness organizations’ services were determined, and a consumer profile was compiled based on key characteristics. The results determine the need for regular monitoring of the characteristics and needs of the target audience in order to develop a marketing strategy and change trends in the fitness services market. The authors identify the prospects for the innovative development of the fitness services market, among which, as one of the promising areas that have not yet found sufficient implementation in the region, is the introduction of physical rehabilitation programs for various target groups into the list of services of fitness organizations. It would ensure the restoration of health after a disease and allow to return to an active life. This can be considered as a key competitive advantage that ensures the required satisfaction level for a particular consumer segment and increases the effectiveness of the organization as a whole.

The article focuses on the potential of modern information technologies (artificial intelligence, neural networks, Big Data, mind maps) to improve the investigation of crimes. This paper aims to theoretically justify the feasibility and find methods to enhance the investigation’s organizational and tactical support, utilizing modern IT potential. The primary emphasis is on the use of mind maps for structuring data to effectively put forward versions and plan the investigation. As a tool for radian thinking, they allow you to present the analysis materials compactly in a form convenient for onetime perception of large volumes of data. The authors note that the technologies under consideration open up new opportunities for automating the analysis of case materials, visualizing the connections between various interrelated events and objects, predicting their behavior in certain situations. However, their implementation faces a number of problems in organizational, personnel and scientific and methodological support. Digitalizing case materials and integrating technologies into investigations is key to solving the problem. The key solution is the creation of “human + AI” systems, where technologies complement, and do not replace a professional. The future of forensics is in the symbiosis of digital tools and expert thinking based on advanced achievements of science and technology.

The paper examines challenges in identifying criminal liability for crimes committed by using deepfakes in the Russian Federation and the United States of America. Subject of the research is implementation of criminal legislation and its characteristics in crimes committed by creating or distributing deepfakes. The aim of the research is to define the deepfake technologies essence, analyze experience of the United States of America in combat with AI technologies and to present authors’ proposals on criminal legislation improvement. The methods of the research include dialectical, formal-legal, comparative-legal, statistical, analysis, synthesis. Author’s approach and academic novelty of the research are based on a critical analysis of existing legal mechanisms with an emphasis on identifying problems related to bringing to justice for various criminal acts committed using deepfake technologies. As a result of the research, a possible option for improving criminal legislation in terms of responsibility for such crimes is presented, namely, the authors propose to supplement the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with a qualifying feature – the commission of a crime using deepfake technologies.

The paper presents an alternative approach to substantiating the existence of the legal fiction institution in theory and practice. The approach is based on a critical analysis of modern ideas about the theory of legal fictions. Authors investigate the essence of legal fictions and propose a new definition, which enables us to comprehend the role of fictions in criminal law from a new perspective.

The research object is legal provisions regulating the public authorities and natural resources users’ activities in the implementation of indigenous peoples of the North pension rights and public relations arising in the course of these activities. The aim of this research is to analyze the legal relationships and provisions described above, and to identify areas that allow for regulation of legal mechanisms regarding preferential pension provision for indigenous populations. The research subject is regulatory legal acts, court opinions and scientists, law enforcement mechanisms, as well as statistical data on the topic. The author analyzes the peculiarities of legal regulation and implementation of indigenous peoples of the North pension rights in the process of state pension provision, interaction with public authorities, subsoil users, advisory bodies. The study identified problems in implementing the current legal mechanism for preferential pension provision. The experience of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra in the interaction of the Council of Representatives of Indigenous Peoples of the North in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra under the Government of the Autonomous Okrug and subsoil user companies is analyzed. The possibility of resolving the problem with the participation of municipal structures and subsoil users conducting industrial activities within territories of indigenous peoples’ traditional nature management is considered. The author’s conclusion is drawn based on the results of tripartite interaction between subsoil users, local government and indigenous peoples in pension provision and proposals for clarifying legal provisions and developing legislation aimed at protecting the rights of indigenous peoples and increasing the objectivity of assessing their traditional economic activities. 

The paper analyses the problems of correlation between the concepts of “administrative process” and “administrative proceedings” by conceptual approaches analysis in the formation of a modern branch of administrative-procedural law. The author examines administrative proceedings in the form of an independent procedural-legal form (structure), which is part of the system of administrative process, and that has its own content and structure. Administrative proceedings, as a procedural-legal construction, in general methodological approach, represents two parts: regulatory (non-jurisdictional) and protective (law enforcement, jurisdictional). Each of the parts represents homogeneous administrative procedures that have their own characteristics. To substantiate the need for legal regulation, the author proposes to form a modern doctrine of administrative procedure law, simultaneous adoption of laws “On administrative procedures” and “On administrative proceedings”.

The paper provides an analytical review of foreign and Russian research on the impact of mass media on juvenile cybercrime. The authors analyze determinants of juvenile cybercrime based on the materials of criminal cases, as well as data from public organizations searching for materials on the Internet containing signs of involving juveniles in criminal activity. Both positive and negative influence of mass media on juvenile cybercrimes is revealed. The necessity of introducing new subjects of juvenile delinquency and cybercrime prevention is substantiated.