In the modern period, the activity of international transport logistics is characterized by significant changes that require qualitative improvement of Belarusian transport companies to minimize their costs. Therefore, the search for determining the directions for improving the logistics efficiency of Belarusian carriers given the sanctions is highly relevant. In order to identify the main features and trends of transport and logistics activities in Belarusian companies, the research is carried out on the example of OOO VitSpetsKarz.
The authors took into account opinions of experts and specialists as part of the analysis and introduction of the Schedex system. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the company’s functioning were determined through analysis. The research established that freight transportation follows a circular route. The volume increased by 6 000 tons during the period under study, and the dynamics of volume variations are characterized by minor changes due to long-term contracts previously concluded by the enterprise
with customers. Analysis of the production cost structure shows that fuel and personnel wages are the largest cost components, comprising 58.8% of total costs. The increase in the growth of these cost elements in 2022 led to an increase in the cost of transport logistics. Higher transportation costs and times are primarily attributed to the recently imposed European Union sanctions on the Republic of Belarus. The use of the Russian rating CRM-system Sсhedex will ensure the reduction of production costs and increase the profit of the transport company.

The article considers issues of improving the efficiency of oil production based on expanding the scope of nanotechnology in Russian oil industry. This study examines Samaraneftegaz JSC’s production business processes as its subject, with a focus on nanotechnology-based transformation. The aim is to develop activities that will significantly increase the oil recovery factor at one of the industrial production facilities. In the framework of achieving the set goal, it is necessary to solve a number of tasks: research possible spheres of application of nanoparticles in oil and gas industry and methods of their use, study varieties of nanoparticles and their physical properties, economic evaluation of implementation of measures based on innovative nanotechnologies. We carried out the economic evaluation using simulation modeling, which formed the basis for programming economic and mathematical models of the basic and recommended production facility exploitation variants. Scientific novelty lies in the practical modernization of the business process of oil production, taking into account specific conditions and production indicators of one of the fields in Samara Oblast. The results of the research are the “technological map” and calculation of economic efficiency of application of metallic sodium nanoparticles based on one of the fields of Samaraneftegaz JSC with declining production and high level of water cut and wear of surface infrastructure. The peculiarity of the authors’ approach is the use of factor analysis during forming the list of project costs and technological detailing in the process of compiling the economic model of the field and the B2 reservoir in particular

The sanctions policy in the sphere of import of composite products stimulated the development of own production at the enterprises. Simultaneously, the challenge of forecasting labor intensity for manufacturing these parts and products arose, impacting both competitive pricing and state defense order costs. Given the lack of a normative base for determining the manufacturing labor intensity of such parts, the enterprises develop their own methods of its calculation. Limitations in using analytical, and in case of single production and experimental methods, lead to the construction of parametric models for calculating labor intensity. This article examines current methods for determining the labor intensity of parts and products. Based on 191 original part samples, this article presents multiple regression models that forecast labor intensity for manufacturing composite parts. Based on conducted studies it is revealed that the models, taking into account a wide range of parts design features, as well as their complexity, regulated by the work category, have a high coefficient of determination, but are characterized by low reliability, which limits their use for new parts. To build models, it is proposed to use dimensionless Patsyna criterion, conditionally describing the constructive features of parts. When building a multiple regression model using Patsyna criteria as factors, the coefficient of determination slightly decreases, but its reliability increases, which allows us to recommend the model for use.

In modern conditions, the provision of the Russian Federation regions with financial resources, including debt instruments, as well as the consequences of decisions on public debt management, are of particular relevance. This article focuses on analyzing the debt situation in the Ural Federal District’s regions between 2021 and 2023. The study aims to comprehensively assess the development of public debt in the Ural Federal District’s regions of the Russian Federation from 2021 to 2023, using publicly available data. The objective of the study is to carry out comparative analysis of indicators in the sphere of public debt of the Ural Federal District regions by specific years with a focus on the regions’ place in the debt burden rating and in the debt sustainability groups. We also conducted a comparative analysis of the public debt sphere development in the Ural Federal District regions in dynamics over a three-year period, with an additional focus on the stable leaders in terms of a set of parameters. The information base of the study was formed by the data of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation and the rating agency RIA Rating on the amount and composition of public debt of the Russian Federation regions, on the debt sustainability groups of the Russian Federation regions, as well as on the level of debt burden for 2021–2023. Grouping, comparative and dynamic analysis methods were chosen as the research methods. We found that Ural Federal District constituent entities
in the Russian Federation show diverse debt indicator trends, yet retain strong debt management capabilities. This requires ongoing proactive efforts from public authorities to prevent negative developments.

The aim of the research is to study the specifics of modern instability factors’ impact on the process of enterprises’ functioning and ways for their prospective development through continuous adaptation to changes. The objectives of the study are to analyze the performance of enterprises in the period of instability, identify the existing limitations of their development, and form a comprehensive approach for improving adaptability to changes. To achieve the set goals and objectives, the authors implemented an approach based on the economic analysis of indicators of social and economic development in dynamics, which made it possible to identify the consequences of the instability impact factors on the activities of economic entities. The study used the method of comparative analysis and graphical method to achieve greater clarity of the studied instability factors impact. The method of induction and deduction, logical method and systematic approach to substantiate the hypothesis of creating a strategy for the development of enterprises based on strengthening their adaptability to changes, were used. It was justified that adaptation to the conditions of instability in Russia was
due to the change of the organizational and legal form of enterprises performance, elimination of non-competitive units and optimization of the number of personnel. Strategic vision of future enterprise development and recognition of the enterprise’s social significance determine enterprise sustainability during instability. The justifications are based on the analysis of Russian enterprises activities in the period of instability caused by the pandemic, as well as economic sanctions. It is determined that during adaptation to changes and factors of instability requires the adequacy of the enterprise’s response to the measures of state support and its inclusion in the interaction with the system of public administration. A comprehensive approach to improving enterprise adaptability to change is our suggestion. It is proved that the enterprise stability in conditions of instability is defined by some factors. The first is the ability to flexibly transform existing models and strategies of functioning, under market fluctuations and flexibility, into new forms of entrepreneurial activity organization. The second one is strategic vision of the enterprise development prospects and awareness of the social
significance of its activities in the future. Lastly, it is the adequacy of response to the measures of state support and use of the complete range of provided by the state support system.

The article addresses issues of employee qualification matching job functions. The purpose of the article is to combine the technology of business process structure analysis and function-cost method to optimize the performance of a warehouse employee. This analysis considers two approaches: a top-down examination of departmental business processes and a bottom-up comparison of employee functions to the competency model. The tools of business process identification and analysis, function cost analysis are applied on the example of storekeeper’s functions. The research created several models: the structure of subdivision business processes, the matrix of employee responsibilities according to functions and business processes, the function cost model, and the storekeeper’s competence structure. Based on the analysis of the models and cross comparison, the issues related to incorrect business process structure and inconsistency of storekeeper’s competences are highlighted. We propose an alternative identification of business processes and a competence model with employee evaluation indicators to solve these problems, without radically altering the division of responsibilities. This generates a more balanced function cost diagram for the storekeeper, along with new competences and performance indicators for the employee. This approach allows for a systematic analysis of the department’s performance to assess the employee’s contribution and take into account additional factors that affect the performance of the entire department.

The subject of the study is theoretical, methodological and practical issues of assessing
the efficiency of high-tech industry’s economic activity in the management of investment and innovation
development. The aim of the work is to improve the scientific and methodological provisions of the performance
analysis of investment and innovation development processes in high-tech industry. Further development of a methodology for assessing high-tech industry economic activity efficiency, using Russian machinetool
industry indicators for testing, is the main task. The methodology of work includes analysis methods of
financial and economic activity, linear regression method, factor analysis, which are used to form a general
image of economic functioning of the high-tech sector in domestic industry. The author’s methodology
possesses scientific novelty. It differs from the known approaches by the criteria of positive profitability of
the production of items with significant added value, growth of the profitability index of industrial high-tech
products, an increase in the consumption index of high-tech products of the industry on the domestic market,
which indicates a formed regional resource-innovation environment. The results of the research provide an
increase in the productivity of investment activity and the implementation of intra-industry innovation policy
in the high-tech industry sector, which is approved by approbation on the economic indicators of machine-tool
and tool industry of the Russian Federation.

The relevance of the study is due to ongoing processes of the global landscape change in the world economy because of changes in the positions and the ratio of the developed and developing countries’ contribution, participation in integration associations to strengthen their potential, as well as intensified competition for leadership. The purpose of this study is to examine the prospects for the economic and technological development of the BRICS and to prepare recommendations for strengthening its positions
in the period of geopolitical landscape change. The objectives of the study are related to establishing the contribution of BRICS integration association to the world GDP; identifying the features of economic and technological development; identifying opportunities to strengthen the individual and integration potential of the BRICS countries. The study implements general scientific methods: analysis and synthesis, analysis of dynamic series, method of comparison (for international comparisons), logical and graphical methods. The article analyses the ratio of the two groups of countries (developed and developing) in terms of their contribution to global GDP in the period 2003–2023. It is determined that the BRICS countries have strengthened their positions and significantly increased their contribution to global economic development, while the share of developed countries in global GDP has decreased. The GDP growth rates of the studied
groups of countries are assessed. This study examines the sectoral structure of the BRICS economies, their
export-oriented strategies, and their position in international trade. The paper establishes the positions of the BRICS countries in the Global Innovation Index and analyses their key scientific and technological
indicators (including research and development (R&D) and innovative activities financing, exports of Informationand Communication Technology services, scientific publication activity, and the state of digital
infrastructure). The authors conclude that the BRICS integration association is strengthening its position in
the global economy, primarily due to the leading role of China. The article highlights the diverse levels of social, economic, and technological development across member countries. The article proposes measures to strengthen the individual and integration potential of the BRICS countries.

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the objective of t he Russian Federation state policy in the sphere of apartment building’s management, which is to ensure the security of apartment buildings and favorable living conditions for citizens. Communities of property owners can achieve this by employing a sustainable system of effective apartment building management and engaging professional market service providers. The urgency of the issue dictates the purpose of the study, which consists of the need to form theoretical and practical foundations in the aspect of management functions of apartment buildings in modern conditions. Flaws within the apartment building’s management system create various problems. The research consistently considers the concept of “apartment building management”, identifies commonly accepted management functions, develops and formulates definitions of the management functions concepts as links of the apartment building management process. These functions contribute to ensuring efficient management activities of property owners and management organizations in the current period and in the future.

The object of this study is modern criminal law measures to counteract professional crime in Russia. The aim of this study is to analyze the problems and prospects of criminal law measures to counteract domestic professional crime in the context of threats and challenges of the present. Objectives of the study: to determine the features of the development of modern professional crime in Russia; to identify the main directions of criminal policy implementation in Russia, the purpose of which is to combat professional crime; to analyze the implementation efficiency of criminal-legal measures to counteract professional criminal activity in the present and determine the prospects for their implementation. Methodology. This research uses both general and specific scientific methods of cognition, such as comparative-legal, chronological, and formal-legal methods, along with others. Results. In the modern criminal policy of Russia, it is possible to find options for counteracting professional crime by legal measures. We achieve higher limits of criminal liability for professional criminals by identifying the distinctive features of their criminal professionalism and imposing stricter penalties for possessing these traits. Conclusion. It has been determined that the implementation of modern criminal policy in Russia, aimed at combating professional crime, does not demonstrate high efficiency, because it is difficult to separate professional criminal activity from general criminal activity by legal methods due to the its specificity. Consequently, in order to solve this problem, we consider it necessary to focus the attention of the legislator in alliance with law enforcers on the general provision and strengthening of law and order in society and the state through the improvement of criminal legal institutions.

The article presents a brief analysis of strategic planning documents and other normative legal acts. These documents indicate the significance of traditional Russian moral and spiritual values for the system of national security of the country and the importance of ensuring their state and legal protection. This assessment briefly examines judgments on the integrity of the protected object and the involved offenders,
prioritizing the subjective aspect. Taking into account the risks and threats to national security in case of offence
against traditional values, the author proposed to consider the possibility of making additions to the criminal legislation as a new criminal offence “Spreading of destructive ideology”, as well as additions to Part 1
of Article 2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. These additions would comprehensively ensure the policy of the state to preserve and strengthen traditional Russian moral and spiritual values.

The article provides a comparative analysis of the legal monitoring in Russia and Kazakhstan. By synthesizing general scientific methods and special law methods, the article develops its methodological strategy. The authors identify and analyze the disadvantages of legal monitoring institutions in Russia and Kazakhstan. Comparative law research reveals that adapting some of Kazakhstan’s legal regulation monitoring experience in Russia is possible. The implementation of mathematical formulas for individual monitoring indicators, monitoring quality control mechanisms, detailed document requirements based on monitoring results, and a unified automated information system for monitoring services is potential. The authors formulate general proposals to improve the legal regulation monitoring in Russia and Kazakhstan.

The institution of voluntary renunciation of a crime is an important element of law enforcement practice, providing citizens with the opportunity to stop criminal activity of one’s own free will and avoid criminal liability for the committed act. However, implementation of this institution faces a number of unresolved issues, which leads to violations of constitutional human rights and freedoms. Within the framework of a systematic approach based on the use of an analytical method of research, as well as the analysis of normative legal acts and scientific literature, the author reveals that it is necessary to unify law enforcement practice on the norms implementation of the Russian Federation Criminal Code on voluntary renunciation of a crime. For uniform implementation of this legal institution, the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation should analyze specific examples of disputable criminal cases. This will make it possible to identify and eliminate possible gaps and contradictions in the interpretation and implementation of this norm. It is necessary for the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation to give detailed recommendations on the conditions of the institution implementation on the examples of particular criminal-law situations, in which it can be used to decide whether to prosecute a person or not in criminal legal relations. This will help to ensure uniform interpretation and implementation of this norm by law .The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation can formalize these recommendations into Plenum resolutions, generalizing the practices of the Supreme Court and lower courts to improve the understanding and practical application of voluntary renunciation of a crime.